Issues with the Organic and Elemental Carbon Fractions in Recent U.S. Chemical Speciation Network Data
نویسندگان
چکیده
The carbon fractions of organic (OC1, OC2, OC3, OC4, OP) and elemental (EC1, EC2, EC3) obtained from IMPROVE (Interagency Monitoring PROtected Visual Environments) thermal/optical analysis quartz-fiber filters have been implemented to help distinguish spark-ignition engine exhaust particulate matter (PM) contributions those heavy-duty diesel exhaust. Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) source factor containing the optical pyrolysis correction (OP) typically includes significant sulfate and/or nitrate. This is associated with aged secondary inorganic species. U.S. EPA changed sampling analytical protocols for its Chemical Speciation Network (CSN) in 2007–2009 period provide these well separated individual peaks thermogram aerosol characterization, apportionment, visibility, health studies. However, after October 1, 2018, there was a change laboratory instruments used implement IMPROVE_A protocol CSN samples. Although this switch resulted similar total (OC EC) values, changes large shifts OP, EC2 fractions, resulting swap resolved gasoline apportionments PM2.5 mass concentration. It also affected OP contributions. As result, using most recent separate vehicles will not result correct results. only current recourse reanalyze remnants samples original temporally consistent protocol.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Aerosol and Air Quality Research
سال: 2023
ISSN: ['2071-1409', '1680-8584']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.230041